While the immune system example seems persuasive, it can be critiqued on a few fronts. First, the positive adaptation from moderate pathogen exposure doesn’t apply uniformly; vulnerable individuals or those with preexisting conditions may experience harm rather than benefit. Second, the balance between helpful and excessive exposure is precarious—what is beneficial stress for one may overwhelm another. Thus, while the analogy captures an element of adaptation, it oversimplifies the risks involved and the delicate equilibrium necessary for the immune system to function effectively.