Neurobiology studies the brain’s structure, function, and processes, explaining how neural circuits drive behavior. It examines how immediate reactions—such as fear or pleasure—emerge from fast, automatic responses in brain regions like the amygdala, while complex decisions involve higher-order areas such as the prefrontal cortex. By showing how neurons communicate and adapt through learning, neurobiology bridges our understanding of instantaneous responses and long-term behaviors, revealing the intricate dance between biology and experience that shapes human action.