ANSWER
A concise counter-argument to these critiques could highlight that hauntology, rather than fostering paralysis, serves as a critical tool for diagnosing the present. By exposing how the past haunts contemporary culture, it reveals the limitations and unfulfilled potentials of modernity, encouraging a deeper understanding of why certain futures were lost. This awareness can inspire more informed and imaginative approaches to current challenges, rather than resignation. Additionally, hauntology’s focus on the spectral does not negate concrete historical analysis but complements it by addressing the affective and cultural dimensions of history that traditional methods might overlook. Far from being defeatist, it can be a call to reimagine and reclaim the future.