Plato’s theory of forms posits that beyond the imperfect physical world lies a realm of perfect, unchanging “forms” or abstract realities. According to Plato, everyday objects are mere shadows or imitations of these ideal forms. For example, while we see many different chairs, they all participate in the singular, ideal “chairness” that embodies the perfect essence of what a chair truly is. This notion emphasizes that true knowledge comes from understanding these eternal, abstract realities rather than relying solely on sensory experience.